Nose bleeds (epistaxis) are a relatively common problem. In the vast majority of cases, the bleed is minor, easily controlled, and not dangerous. 90% of nose bleeds occur in the front part of the nose. The bleeding can usually be stopped by the following technique: 1) blow all the clot material out of both sides of the nose, 2) sit up in a chair and lean forward, and 3) squeeze the nose between the thumb and index finger for 30 full minutes. If this does not work, soak some cotton with a nose spray (like neosynephrine), place it in the nostril and repeat step 3. If this does not work, medical attention will be necessary. Once the bleeding has stopped, vigorous physical activity should be avoided for the next 48 hours.

10% of nose bleeds occur in the back of the nose. They are seen more frequently in patients with high blood pressure and arteriosclerosis (hardening of the arteries). These bleeds can be serious and sometimes require hospitalization. If, during a nose bleed, the majority of the blood appears to be going down the back of the throat instead of the nose, a physician should be contacted. One should also call a physician if the patient feels very weak, dizzy or ill.

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